Is TOM a Valid Scrabble Word? YES!


Is TOM a Valid Scrabble Word? YES!

The query of a correct noun’s validity in a phrase sport highlights the intersection of lexicon and gameplay. A brief, widespread identify like “Tom” exemplifies this, elevating the query of permissible phrase utilization inside established guidelines. Figuring out whether or not a phrase is suitable usually necessitates consulting official sources like phrase lists or sport dictionaries.

Understanding phrase validity is essential for aggressive play and informal enjoyment. Data of acceptable phrases expands strategic choices and permits gamers to maximise scoring alternatives. This understanding extends past particular cases like “Tom” and contributes to a broader understanding of phrase building and the evolution of language inside sport contexts. Traditionally, acceptable phrase lists have been topic to debate and revision, reflecting altering cultural norms and linguistic developments.

This exploration of phrase acceptability in video games prompts additional dialogue relating to official sources, the evolution of language, and the impression of rule variations on gameplay. Subsequent sections will delve into the official Scrabble dictionary, analyze the strategic implications of correct nouns, and study the broader context of lexicon in gaming.

1. Correct Nouns

Correct nouns, sometimes capitalized and referring to particular people, locations, or entities, are usually excluded from Scrabble. This exclusion stems from the sport’s reliance on an outlined lexicon, sometimes excluding names that lack a standard, dictionary-defined which means. Nonetheless, the case of “tom” presents a nuanced exception. Whereas “Tom,” capitalized, stays inadmissible as a correct noun, its lowercase kind, “tom,” representing a male cat, is suitable. This distinction highlights the significance of correct noun capitalization in figuring out Scrabble validity. Think about “London,” a correct noun inadmissible in Scrabble. Conversely, “london,” a hypothetical widespread noun (maybe a sort of material), although unlikely, might theoretically be permissible if included within the official Scrabble dictionary.

This exception for “tom” demonstrates how a phrases which means and utilization, fairly than its spelling alone, dictate its acceptability. The shift from correct noun to widespread noun, signified by the change in capitalization, permits “tom” to enter the realm of legitimate Scrabble phrases. This precept applies extra broadly. As an example, “china,” lowercase, refers to porcelain and is suitable, whereas “China,” the nation, isn’t. This underscores the sensible significance of understanding the excellence between correct and customary nouns in Scrabble gameplay, influencing phrase alternative and strategic potentialities.

Understanding the position of correct nouns in Scrabble reinforces the sport’s reliance on established lexicographical ideas. The “tom” instance illuminates the nuances of those guidelines, demonstrating how capitalization and which means intersect to find out phrase validity. This data equips gamers with a extra complete understanding of acceptable phrases, contributing to strategic gameplay and a deeper appreciation of the interaction between language and sport mechanics. Moreover, it highlights the significance of consulting official sources just like the Scrabble dictionary for definitive phrase validation.

2. Official Scrabble Dictionary

The Official Scrabble Dictionary (OSD) serves as the final word arbiter relating to phrase acceptability in Scrabble gameplay. The query “Is ‘tom’ a Scrabble phrase?” finds its definitive reply inside this useful resource. The OSD’s inclusion of “tom” (lowercase), signifying a male cat, establishes its validity. Conversely, the absence of “Tom” (uppercase), the right noun, confirms its inadmissibility. This reliance on the OSD demonstrates the dictionary’s essential position in standardizing gameplay and resolving disputes regarding phrase legitimacy. For instance, the phrase “qi,” denoting life power, achieved official standing after its inclusion within the OSD, regardless of prior debates. Equally, “za,” a colloquial time period for pizza, gained acceptance by means of its official itemizing. The OSD thus acts as a dynamic file of lexical evolution, reflecting modifications in language and utilization.

The OSD’s affect extends past particular person phrase validation. It shapes strategic decision-making by offering gamers with a definitive checklist of playable phrases. This data permits gamers to anticipate potential strikes, plan methods, and maximize scoring alternatives. Understanding which phrases are acceptable and their related level values turns into a important talent. As an example, understanding “tom” is legitimate permits gamers to make the most of the letters T, O, and M successfully, probably forming longer, higher-scoring phrases later within the sport. Furthermore, the OSD promotes equity by offering a universally acknowledged normal, guaranteeing all gamers function throughout the similar lexical boundaries. This eliminates ambiguity and promotes a stage taking part in area, essential for aggressive Scrabble play.

In abstract, the OSD’s position in validating phrases like “tom” underscores its significance because the cornerstone of Scrabble gameplay. It gives a standardized lexicon, resolves disputes, shapes technique, and promotes honest competitors. The dictionary’s steady evolution displays broader linguistic modifications whereas guaranteeing the sport stays partaking and difficult. Consulting the OSD stays important for any critical Scrabble participant in search of to know the nuances of phrase acceptability and maximize their potential throughout the sport’s guidelines.

3. Lowercase “tom”

The lowercase spelling of “tom” straight impacts its acceptability in Scrabble. This seemingly minor element distinguishes the phrase from its capitalized counterpart, “Tom,” a correct noun sometimes excluded from gameplay. Understanding this distinction is essential for figuring out whether or not “tom” qualifies as a reliable Scrabble phrase.

  • A part of Speech

    The lowercase “tom” capabilities as a standard noun, referring to a male cat. This grammatical classification differentiates it from the capitalized “Tom,” a correct noun denoting a selected particular person’s identify. This shift in a part of speech is important for Scrabble validity. Widespread nouns are usually acceptable, whereas correct nouns should not. This distinction aligns with Scrabble’s reliance on dictionary definitions, which generally embody widespread nouns however exclude correct nouns.

  • Dictionary Definition

    The presence of “tom” (lowercase) within the Official Scrabble Dictionary (OSD) validates its use within the sport. The OSD particularly defines “tom” as a male cat, offering a transparent and unambiguous which means. This official recognition solidifies its standing as a playable phrase. Conversely, the absence of “Tom” (uppercase) within the OSD confirms its exclusion. This distinction highlights the OSD’s position as the final word authority on phrase acceptability in Scrabble.

  • Recreation Implications

    The acceptance of “tom” as a legitimate Scrabble phrase introduces strategic potentialities. Its three-letter composition (T-1, O-1, M-1), coupled with its potential to kind longer phrases, gives tactical benefits. Gamers can make the most of “tom” to attain greater scores or to strategically block opponents. For instance, taking part in “tom” might open alternatives so as to add prefixes or suffixes, creating phrases like “tomcat” or “tomfoolery.” This provides depth to gameplay and encourages strategic phrase placement.

  • Capitalization Significance

    The capitalization distinction between “Tom” and “tom” emphasizes the significance of orthographic precision in Scrabble. This seemingly minor element essentially alters the phrase’s acceptability. This precept applies extra broadly in Scrabble. Think about “polish” (verb) versus “Polish” (adjective). The previous is allowed, whereas the latter isn’t. Such examples exhibit the impression of capitalization on which means and, consequently, on Scrabble validity. Cautious consideration to capitalization ensures adherence to official Scrabble guidelines and prevents disputes throughout gameplay.

The lowercase spelling of “tom” is subsequently not a trivial element however an important issue figuring out its legitimacy in Scrabble. This evaluation reveals how capitalization, a part of speech, dictionary definition, and gameplay implications intersect to outline a phrase’s acceptability. Understanding this interaction is important for any critical Scrabble participant.

4. That means (male cat)

The particular which means of “tom” as “male cat” is the essential factor that enables its inclusion in Scrabble. With out this established which means, the phrase would stay solely a correct noun and thus inadmissible. This part explores how the definition of “tom” as a male cat interacts with Scrabble’s guidelines and impacts gameplay.

  • Widespread Noun Standing

    The definition “male cat” establishes “tom” as a standard noun. This distinction is paramount, as Scrabble usually excludes correct nouns whereas allowing widespread nouns. This semantic classification straight solutions the query, “Is ‘tom’ a Scrabble phrase?” affirmatively. The particular which means removes the anomaly related to the capitalized “Tom,” clarifying its utilization and acceptability throughout the sport. Different phrases, like “bear” (animal) and “rose” (flower), comply with an analogous sample, functioning as each correct and customary nouns relying on context and capitalization. Nonetheless, solely their widespread noun varieties are permissible in Scrabble.

  • Dictionary Definition

    The Official Scrabble Dictionary (OSD) explicitly defines “tom” as “male cat,” formalizing its acceptance throughout the sport. This official recognition validates its use and eliminates any potential disputes relating to its legitimacy. This dictionary entry gives the mandatory authority for contemplating “tom” a playable phrase. The inclusion of a definition within the OSD is paramount for any phrase’s inclusion within the sport, no matter its on a regular basis utilization. This course of ensures consistency and readability inside Scrabble’s lexicon.

  • Strategic Implications

    The phrase’s which means doesn’t straight have an effect on its strategic use in Scrabble. The worth of “tom” (T-1, O-1, M-1) and its potential for forming longer phrases like “tomcat” are the first strategic concerns, unbiased of its particular which means. Whereas the definition clarifies its acceptability, the strategic worth lies in its letter composition and potential combos. This highlights the separation between lexical validity and strategic gameplay inside Scrabble. A phrase’s which means might decide its inclusion, however its utilization is dependent upon tactical concerns.

  • Evolution of Language

    The phrase “tom” to indicate a male cat exemplifies how language evolves and the way these modifications are mirrored in lexicons just like the OSD. Initially a correct noun, its semantic broadening to a standard noun demonstrates a shift in utilization over time. This evolution is essential for “tom”‘s acceptance in Scrabble, showcasing the dynamic relationship between language and gameplay. The OSD’s inclusion of “tom” signifies its recognition of this linguistic shift. This adaptability ensures Scrabble stays related and reflective of latest language use.

The which means of “tom” as “male cat” is subsequently not merely a descriptive element however the defining issue that justifies its inclusion in Scrabble. This semantic distinction, codified by the OSD, transforms “tom” from a correct noun right into a playable phrase, influencing technique and reflecting the ever-evolving nature of language.

5. Three Factors (T-1, O-1, M-1)

The purpose worth of “tom”three factors, derived from the person letter values of T (1), O (1), and M (1)performs a big position in its strategic worth inside Scrabble. Whereas its validity as a phrase hinges on its which means and inclusion within the Official Scrabble Dictionary, its level worth influences its tactical deployment throughout gameplay.

  • Low-Worth Phrase

    “Tom’s” comparatively low level worth classifies it as a strategically versatile phrase. Not like high-value phrases which can be usually saved for optimum placement, “tom” will be performed opportunistically, opening the board or blocking opponents with out sacrificing important scoring potential. This flexibility permits gamers to prioritize board positioning and letter administration over rapid level maximization. For instance, taking part in “tom” to hook up with a double or triple letter rating sq. for a later play might yield a higher total rating than holding onto the letters for a higher-value, however much less strategically advantageous, play.

  • Constructing Longer Phrases

    The letters comprising “tom” are widespread and versatile, facilitating the creation of longer, higher-scoring phrases. “Tom” can function a basis for including prefixes (e.g., “tomcat”) or suffixes (e.g., “tomfoolery”), considerably rising the potential rating. This constructing potential enhances “tom’s” strategic worth past its inherent three factors. Expert gamers acknowledge this potential and use “tom” not only for rapid factors however as a stepping stone to extra substantial performs later within the sport. This capacity to leverage “tom” for bigger phrase constructions provides depth and complexity to Scrabble technique.

  • Board Positioning

    The compact nature of “tom,” being a three-letter phrase, makes it helpful for maneuvering throughout the constraints of the Scrabble board. It may be strategically positioned to entry premium squares (double or triple letter/phrase scores) or to dam opponents from using advantageous positions. Its size permits it to suit into tight areas, providing tactical flexibility. This capacity to control board positioning with “tom” contributes to a extra dynamic and strategic sport. Blocking an opponent’s entry to a high-scoring sq. with a low-value phrase like “tom” can disrupt their technique and supply a aggressive benefit.

  • Letter Administration

    Enjoying “tom” permits gamers to effectively handle their rack, exchanging much less helpful letters for probably extra precious attracts. This strategic letter disposal can enhance the general composition of a participant’s rack, rising the possibilities of forming higher-scoring phrases in subsequent turns. Whereas the rapid level acquire could also be minimal, the long-term good thing about improved letter administration can considerably impression a participant’s total rating. This side of Scrabble technique usually outweighs the rapid gratification of taking part in a higher-value phrase.

In conclusion, whereas the three-point worth of “tom” may seem modest, its strategic significance in Scrabble stems from its versatility, its potential for constructing longer phrases, its utility in board positioning, and its position in efficient letter administration. These elements collectively exhibit how a phrase’s worth in Scrabble extends past its rapid level whole, encompassing broader strategic concerns.

6. Legitimate Phrase Utilization

Legitimate phrase utilization in Scrabble hinges on adherence to the Official Scrabble Dictionary (OSD) and the sport’s established guidelines. Figuring out whether or not “tom” qualifies as a legitimate Scrabble phrase necessitates an examination of its utilization and adherence to those pointers. This exploration clarifies the connection between legitimate phrase utilization ideas and the particular case of “tom.”

  • Adherence to the Official Scrabble Dictionary (OSD)

    The OSD serves because the definitive authority on phrase acceptability in Scrabble. A phrase’s presence within the OSD confirms its validity, whereas its absence signifies ineligibility. “Tom” (lowercase), outlined as “male cat,” is listed within the OSD, establishing its validity. This underscores the OSD’s position as the final word arbiter of legitimate phrase utilization in Scrabble. Conversely, hypothetical phrases or slang phrases not included within the OSD, no matter their widespread utilization, are deemed invalid. The OSD gives a standardized framework for legitimate phrase utilization, guaranteeing consistency and equity in gameplay.

  • Correct Nouns vs. Widespread Nouns

    Scrabble usually excludes correct nouns, which identify particular people, locations, or entities. Nonetheless, “tom” (lowercase), signifying a male cat, capabilities as a standard noun and is subsequently permissible. This distinction highlights the significance of understanding grammatical classifications in figuring out legitimate phrase utilization. The capitalized “Tom,” a correct noun, stays inadmissible. This rule reinforces the precept that which means and utilization, not simply spelling, decide a phrase’s validity in Scrabble.

  • Strategic Implications of Legitimate Phrases

    Utilizing legitimate phrases strategically maximizes scoring alternatives. Understanding that “tom” is a legitimate phrase permits gamers to leverage its letters (T, O, M) successfully. It may be performed independently for 3 factors or used as a constructing block for longer, higher-scoring phrases. Recognizing and using legitimate phrases expands strategic potentialities throughout the sport. Invalid phrase utilization, even when unintentional, leads to a misplaced flip and potential rating discount, underscoring the significance of adhering to legitimate phrase utilization ideas.

  • Affect of Rule Variations

    Variations in Scrabble guidelines, resembling these utilized in completely different international locations or casual settings, can affect legitimate phrase utilization. Some variations may allow correct nouns or make the most of completely different dictionaries. Nonetheless, in normal Scrabble gameplay adhering to the official guidelines and the OSD stays essential. Understanding these potential variations gives context, however adherence to official guidelines ensures honest play and consistency in aggressive Scrabble. Consulting the related rule set and dictionary is important for guaranteeing legitimate phrase utilization in any particular sport context.

The validity of “tom” as a Scrabble phrase in the end rests upon its adherence to established guidelines of legitimate phrase utilization. The OSD’s recognition of “tom” as a standard noun, its strategic implications inside gameplay, and the potential affect of rule variations collectively contribute to a complete understanding of its standing as a legitimate and strategically precious Scrabble phrase. This evaluation underscores the significance of consulting official sources and understanding the interaction between language and gameplay in Scrabble.

7. Strategic Implications

Understanding that “tom” is a legitimate Scrabble phrase unlocks strategic potentialities usually missed. Whereas seemingly insignificant because of its low level worth, “tom” possesses tactical benefits stemming from its letter composition and potential for phrase building. This exploration delves into the strategic implications of recognizing “tom” as a playable phrase.

  • Board Positioning

    Toms compact three-letter construction permits for strategic placement on the board. It may be used to entry premium squares (double or triple letter/phrase scores) early within the sport, setting the stage for higher-scoring performs later. Moreover, “tom” can successfully block opponents from reaching fascinating board positions, disrupting their potential scoring alternatives. For instance, putting “tom” to forestall an opponent from extending a phrase to a triple phrase rating sq. can considerably impression the sport’s trajectory.

  • Phrase Constructing

    The letters T, O, and M are comparatively widespread and versatile, making “tom” a precious constructing block for longer phrases. Including prefixes like “tomcat” or suffixes like “toms” considerably will increase scoring potential. Moreover, utilizing “tom” can open potentialities for parallel performs, creating a number of phrases concurrently. This capability to kind longer, interconnected phrases enhances “toms” strategic significance past its inherent three-point worth.

  • Letter Administration

    Enjoying “tom” allows environment friendly rack administration, notably when a participant holds much less fascinating letters. Utilizing “tom” to clear the rack can enhance the general letter distribution, rising the probability of drawing extra precious tiles, resembling high-scoring consonants or clean tiles. This strategic letter disposal prioritizes long-term scoring potential over the rapid, restricted acquire of “tom” itself.

  • Opponent Disruption

    Past blocking entry to premium squares, “tom” can be utilized to disrupt opponent methods in different methods. Enjoying “tom” may power an opponent to make use of much less fascinating letters, limiting their scoring choices. It will also be used to shut off potential phrase extensions, curbing their capacity to capitalize on current phrase buildings. This disruptive potential makes “tom” a precious tactical asset, notably in aggressive play.

The strategic implications of recognizing “tom” as a legitimate Scrabble phrase prolong past its rapid level worth. Its utility in board positioning, phrase constructing, letter administration, and opponent disruption establishes “tom” as a strategically precious asset, usually missed because of its unassuming nature. Understanding these implications permits gamers to leverage “tom” successfully, maximizing scoring alternatives and enhancing total gameplay.

8. Two-letter phrase combos

Data of two-letter phrase combos considerably impacts the strategic use of “tom” in Scrabble. Whereas “tom” itself is a legitimate three-letter phrase, understanding how its constituent letters can kind shorter phrases enhances its worth. This interconnectedness between longer and shorter phrases represents an important side of Scrabble technique. Think about the letters in “tom”: “to,” “om,” and “mo” are all legitimate two-letter phrases. This data permits gamers to not solely play “tom” strategically but additionally to probably make the most of its letters for different performs if “tom” itself is not possible. Moreover, recognizing potential two-letter phrase combos aids in extending current phrases on the board. For instance, if “to” is already performed, including “m” creates “tom,” probably incomes the participant factors for each phrases concurrently. This understanding of interconnected phrase potentialities considerably elevates “tom” from a easy three-point play to a probably extra precious strategic element.

The sensible software of this information lies in maximizing scoring alternatives and optimizing letter utilization. Consciousness of two-letter combos permits gamers to anticipate potential strikes, each their very own and their opponents’. For instance, recognizing that an opponent might play “mo” utilizing the prevailing “m” in “tom” may affect a participant’s choice on the place to initially place “tom” on the board. Furthermore, understanding which two-letter phrases will be fashioned from “tom’s” letters permits for strategic letter dumping. If a participant holds an unfavorable mixture of letters, taking part in “to” or “om” could be a preferable technique to enhance the general letter distribution on their rack for future turns. This underscores the significance of two-letter phrase data not only for rapid scoring but additionally for long-term strategic planning.

In abstract, the interconnectedness between “tom” and its constituent two-letter phrases underscores a important factor of Scrabble technique. Recognizing these connections permits gamers to totally exploit the strategic potential of seemingly easy phrases. The power to construct upon current phrases, anticipate opponent strikes, and optimize letter administration hinges on this understanding. Mastery of two-letter phrase combos thus elevates a participant’s talent stage, enabling them to strategy Scrabble with a extra nuanced and efficient strategic mindset. This precept extends past simply “tom,” making use of to quite a few different longer phrases whose parts kind legitimate shorter phrases, highlighting the significance of a complete understanding of the Scrabble lexicon.

Incessantly Requested Questions

This part addresses widespread inquiries relating to the validity and utilization of “tom” in Scrabble gameplay, clarifying potential misconceptions and reinforcing key ideas.

Query 1: Is “Tom” allowed in Scrabble?

No. “Tom,” capitalized, is a correct noun and subsequently not permitted in normal Scrabble gameplay. Solely the lowercase “tom,” referring to a male cat, is suitable.

Query 2: Why is the capitalization of “tom” essential?

Capitalization distinguishes the right noun “Tom” (a reputation) from the widespread noun “tom” (a male cat). Scrabble usually excludes correct nouns. The lowercase spelling signifies the appropriate widespread noun kind.

Query 3: The place can definitive affirmation of “tom’s” validity be discovered?

The Official Scrabble Dictionary (OSD) lists “tom” (lowercase) as a legitimate phrase, signifying a male cat. Consulting the OSD gives definitive affirmation and resolves any uncertainty.

Query 4: What’s the level worth of “tom”?

“Tom” is value three factors: one level every for the letters T, O, and M, in response to normal Scrabble letter values.

Query 5: How can “tom” be used strategically in Scrabble?

Regardless of its low level worth, “tom” gives strategic worth. It may possibly entry bonus squares, facilitate the development of longer phrases (e.g., “tomcat”), and assist in efficient letter administration.

Query 6: Are there different legitimate phrases fashioned from the letters in “tom”?

Sure, “to,” “om,” and “mo” are all legitimate two-letter phrases inside normal Scrabble guidelines, in response to the OSD. This enhances “tom’s” strategic potential.

Understanding these continuously requested questions clarifies the nuances of utilizing “tom” in Scrabble, reinforcing the significance of capitalization, dictionary session, and strategic pondering.

Additional exploration of Scrabble technique and phrase evaluation will comply with in subsequent sections.

Ideas for Using “tom” Strategically in Scrabble

Maximizing the potential of “tom” in Scrabble requires understanding its strategic nuances. The following tips present sensible steering on leveraging this seemingly easy phrase for aggressive benefit.

Tip 1: Prioritize Placement: Do not merely play “tom” for rapid factors. Think about its placement fastidiously. Can it block an opponent or open entry to premium squares for future, higher-scoring performs? Prioritizing strategic placement over rapid level acquire usually yields higher long-term advantages.

Tip 2: Lengthen and Increase: “Tom” serves as a precious basis for longer phrases. Search for alternatives so as to add prefixes (e.g., “tomcat”) or suffixes (e.g., “toms”) to maximise rating potential. Constructing upon “tom” can considerably improve level good points.

Tip 3: Two-Letter Alternatives: Bear in mind the worth of “to,” “om,” and “mo.” These two-letter phrases present flexibility. They can be utilized to create “tom” or performed independently for strategic benefit, resembling blocking opponents or using small areas on the board.

Tip 4: Rack Administration: Make use of “tom” or its two-letter parts for environment friendly rack administration. Clearing much less helpful letters can enhance total letter distribution, rising the probability of drawing extra precious tiles for subsequent performs.

Tip 5: Defensive Play: “Tom” is usually a precious defensive device. Place it strategically to dam opponents from accessing premium squares or extending high-scoring phrases. Disrupting opponent methods will be as precious as maximizing one’s personal rating.

Tip 6: Dictionary Affirmation: All the time confirm phrase validity. Whereas “tom” is accepted, variations or correct nouns (“Tom”) should not. Consulting the Official Scrabble Dictionary ensures adherence to the principles and prevents challenges throughout gameplay.

By making use of the following pointers, gamers can rework “tom” from a easy three-point phrase into a strong strategic asset. These ideas spotlight the significance of strategic pondering in Scrabble, demonstrating that even seemingly minor phrases can considerably impression gameplay.

The next conclusion will summarize the important thing takeaways and reiterate the strategic significance of understanding phrase utilization in Scrabble.

Conclusion

This exploration has definitively answered the query, “Is ‘tom’ a Scrabble phrase?” Evaluation confirms that “tom,” in its lowercase kind signifying a male cat, is certainly a legitimate Scrabble phrase, in response to the Official Scrabble Dictionary. The excellence between “tom” and “Tom” highlights the significance of capitalization and correct noun exclusion in Scrabble gameplay. Moreover, the examination of “tom’s” level worth, potential for phrase constructing, and strategic implications reveals its shocking versatility regardless of its modest preliminary rating. The strategic use of “tom,” together with board positioning, letter administration, and opponent disruption, underscores the significance of understanding a phrase’s full potential past its face worth.

The seemingly easy query relating to “tom’s” validity in Scrabble serves as a gateway to a deeper understanding of the sport’s strategic complexities. Recognizing the interaction between phrase validity, level values, and placement methods is essential for profitable Scrabble play. This exploration emphasizes the significance of steady studying and strategic pondering in maximizing scoring alternatives and reaching aggressive benefit. Mastery of Scrabble lies not simply in understanding which phrases are playable, however in understanding use them successfully. Additional exploration of Scrabble’s lexicon and strategic nuances will undoubtedly improve gameplay and enrich appreciation for this traditional phrase sport.